5. U.S. Pat. The base does not dissolve into water. Alkalis, however, do not seem to change the pH of pure distilled water very much (unless its extremely basic). 15. Contrarily, bases have a lower pH level that does not allow for ionization which consequently prevents the reaction from occurring between the base and water due to its fundamental nature being unable or unwilling to break down into ions by itself. Simply it can be said that ZnO is a base. The processes for preparation of these precursors and the active sorbents are described in detail in U.S. Pat. In particular, it is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to particular embodiments described, as such may, of course, vary. Zinc oxide-based sorbents, and processes for preparing and using them are provided, wherein the sorbents are preferably used to remove one or more reduced sulfur species from gas streams. Totol dan ratakan produk secara sedikit demi sedikit . Preferably the sorbents are prepared by using an alkali metal base to convert a precursor mixture, containing a precipitated zinc oxide precursor and a precipitated aluminum oxide . Zinc oxide-based sorbents using alkali metal hydroxides and processes for preparing and using same, Application filed by Research Triangle Institute, [Al+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O. The process of any of claims 6-12, wherein said slurry additionally comprises at least one additional material selected from the group consisting of promoter precursors, binder precursors and refractory oxide precursors, and wherein said additional material is present in amount selected to provide fluidizable, attrition resistant, active zinc oxide containing sorbent particles containing at least about 75 wt% of said two-phase component consisting essentially of a zinc oxide phase and a zinc aluminate phase. Alternatively, the residual sodium level in the solid phase is in the range of between about 75 parts per million by weight of sodium and about 750 parts per million by weight of sodium. The composition of coatings was studied using SEM/EDX analysis. These x-rays pass through a 1 divergence slit. Zinc Hydroxide is amphoteric, hence why it can act as both a bas. The process of any of claims 6-16, wherein the alkali metal hydroxide is sodium hydroxide. The process of claim 25, wherein the formation of the first slurry is performed at a temperature of about 65 C to about 75 C. The process of any of claims 6-7, wherein said zinc oxide constitutes at least about 50 wt% of the total solids content of said zinc oxide precursor and said aluminum oxide precursor in said slurry. ); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY, Owner name: The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Insulate the precipitation tank with glass wool. The use of extremely small non-oxide precursors, allows mixing of the zinc and aluminum components at a near-molecular level prior to formation of any sorbent structure whatsoever. Find notes, question papers for other subjects like Mathematics, Physics, Biology and various competitive exams as well. Sorbent compositions which are substantially free of inert components such as binders or the like are currently preferred in the practice of the disclosure. Abstract: A new type of voltage dependent resistors (varistors), based on zinc oxide ceramics wi For example, NaOH, KOH, etc. What is a free alkali? Zinc oxide based sorbents using alkali metal hydroxides and processes for preparing and using same, Application filed by Research Triangle Institute, Assigned to UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY. Ans: Typically they are metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates and carbonates of molten hydrogen. This technique, as will be known to the skilled artisan, can enhance stabilization of the physical and chemical properties of the sorbent during its subsequent use. Such transport reactor systems are known in the art and descriptions can be found in literature and patents such as found in the disclosure by Gangwal, et al., in U.S. Pat. PbO occurs in two polymorphs: litharge having a tetragonal crystal structure, and massicot having an orthorhombic crystal structure. In this article, theauthorhas explained differences between alkali and base. One of the values that is calculated by the Jade software is crystallite size. In another embodiment, the diameter of the sphere in the X-axis is within about 25% of the diameter in the Y-axis or the Z-axis. The calcining step also was disclosed to result in shrinkage of the spray-dried particles to an average size distribution within the range of 35 to 175 m. State and explain whether zinc oxide is a base, an alkali, or both.. Preferably, the total dry solids content of such materials, based on adjusted weight, is less than about 25 wt %, more preferably less than about 20 wt %, even more preferably less than about 10 wt %, most preferably, less than about 5 wt %. 6,951,635. While both terms refer to compounds that can neutralize acids, they have distinct properties and characteristics. Filter the precipitate using either a pressure filter or a vacuum filter, Wash the precipitate with DI water until the sodium levels are in the desired range. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. The interpretation software is Jade 9.1. Alkalis are characterized by their ability to neutralize acids and form metal oxides when reacting with water. EUR 36,94 . In U.S. Pat. The oxidation state of zinc in this compound is +2 and for oxygen, it is -2. Examples of bases include copper oxide (CuO), zinc oxide (ZnO), and ammonia (NH3). The final reported crystallite size for each crystalline phase is the crystallite size calculated by the Jade software for the most intense peaks for the zinc oxide and zinc aluminate phases. It depends on whether the substance ionizes or does not ionization upon contact with water respectively. In turn, the final zinc oxide-based sorbent was disclosed to contain a zinc oxide (ZnO) phase and a zinc aluminate (ZnAl, U.S. Pat. Zinc oxide is insoluble in water. The sample is scanned from 5 to 70 degrees 2. The present disclosure may suitably comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of, the steps, elements, and/or reagents described in the claims. ENTITY STATUS SET TO UNDISCOUNTED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: BIG. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. DOCKETED NEW CASE - READY FOR EXAMINATION, Free format text: It is to be noted that acid treatment of the precipitated zinc oxide precursor and/or the precipitated aluminum oxide precursor prior to spray drying, can, in at least some cases, change the chemical identity of the precursor. Ans: Alkali metals form alkali (base) in contact with water, and they form metal oxides when water reacts. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". No, base and alkali are not the same. The disclosure has been described in considerable detail with reference to its preferred embodiments. . In the case of diaper rash, zinc can be used frequently even for delicate skin to lower inflammation. calcining or pyrolizing, Chemical treatments not covered by groups B01J20/3007 - B01J20/3078, Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties, Catalysts containing parts with different compositions, Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours, Metals or metal compounds not provided for in B01D2253/104 or B01D2253/106, Linear dimensions, e.g. The process of claim 18, wherein all or part of the sodium hydroxide is replaced with sodium carbonate. The process of any of claims 6-26, wherein the separating of the liquid phase of the first slurry from the solid phase includes a washing process performed at temperatures between ambient and about 85C. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. They also react with acids to form salt and water. 6,951,635, it was disclosed that the green spray dried particles were calcined in an oxygen containing environment to convert the hydroxides to zinc oxide, aluminum oxide and zinc aluminate. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. It reacts with both acids and bases to form salts. 19. The resulting precipitated liquor contains the precipitated zinc oxide precursor and alumina oxide precursors and the soluble salts remaining from the precipitation reaction. For example, about 40 [units] may mean within 25% of 40 (e.g., from 30 to 50), within 20%, 15%, 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, less than 1%, or any other value or range of values therein or there below. The term, substantially free, is used herein to mean a weight percent content or an adjusted weight percent (where applicable) content of about 1 percent or less. 7 Is the salt zinc acidic or basic in nature? Salts of Zinc are acidic as well as basic. PubChem . The selection of apparatus and process conditions to achieve the foregoing particle size distribution can be readily achieved by a skilled artisan apprised of present disclosure. calcining said spray dried particles to provide fluidizable, attrition resistant, active zinc oxide containing sorbent particles comprising a two-phase component consisting essentially of a zinc oxide phase and a zinc aluminate phase. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 12. Advantageously the slurry is spray dried into a conventional, heated zone which is heated by a feed gas provided at a temperature sufficient that outlet gasses from the spray drying chamber have a temperature above about 265 F. (129 C.). They also form an alkaline solution when dissolved in water, which means they have a pH greater than 7. Zinc oxide (when it is slightly dissoved in water) is a base but ALSO an acid, though very weak. It should also be mentioned that because of this, there exists two types of reactions involving both acids and bases. 7: The seventh difference between alkali and base is their reactivity- Alkalis tend to be more reactive than bases due to the fact that they are able to ionize in aqueous environments whereas bases do not possess this same capability as described above. Nevertheless, as long as the modified precursor, (or precursors), is readily convertible to the final oxide product(s) by calcination, such modification does not interfere with formation of the sorbent. National Center for Biotechnology Information. No. In preferred embodiments, the attrition resistant, zinc oxide-based sorbent compositions of the disclosure have a compacted bulk density exceeding 1 g/cm, According to another aspect, the present disclosure provides a process for preparing attrition resistant, zinc oxide-based sorbent compositions by converting a mixture of precipitated zinc oxide and aluminum oxide precursors to the two-phase, active zinc component using alkali metal hydroxides or alkali metal carbonates. Different ways of protective coating formation are proposed. These attrition-resistant, zinc oxide-based sorbents were prepared by converting a precursor mixture comprising a precipitated zinc oxide precursor and a precipitated aluminum oxide precursor to the two-phase, active zinc oxide-containing component. ); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY, UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, CONFIRMATORY LICENSE;ASSIGNOR:RESEARCH TRIANGLE INSTITUTE;REEL/FRAME:055029/0922, APPLICATION DISPATCHED FROM PREEXAM, NOT YET DOCKETED, DOCKETED NEW CASE - READY FOR EXAMINATION, RESPONSE TO NON-FINAL OFFICE ACTION ENTERED AND FORWARDED TO EXAMINER, NOTICE OF ALLOWANCE MAILED -- APPLICATION RECEIVED IN OFFICE OF PUBLICATIONS, RESEARCH TRIANGLE INSTITUTE, NORTH CAROLINA, ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SHEN, JIAN-PING;NORMAN, JASON S.;TURK, BRIAN S.;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20180730 TO 20180911;REEL/FRAME:060521/0769, PUBLICATIONS -- ISSUE FEE PAYMENT RECEIVED, AWAITING TC RESP, ISSUE FEE PAYMENT VERIFIED, PUBLICATIONS -- ISSUE FEE PAYMENT VERIFIED, Zinc oxide-based sorbents using alkali metal hydroxides and processes for preparing and using same, Improvements in or relating to the treatment of gases containing sulphur, Desulfurizing agent and method for regenerating same, PROCESS FOR PREPARING A CATALYST BASED ON ZINC ALUMINATE AND CATALYST OBTAINED, Zinc oxide-based sorbents and processes for preparing and using same, Silicate-resistant desulfurization sorbent, For from gaseous hydrocarbon remove sulphur compound catalyst composition, manufacture their method and uses thereof, A kind of zinc oxide material and preparation method containing gahnite, Zinc oxide-based sorbents and process for preparing and using same, Composition useful as sulfur absorption for fluid streams, A kind of middle low temperature SCR denitration titanium molybdenum composite powder and preparation method thereof, TiO2 nanotube-supported V2O5 catalysts for selective NO reduction by NH3, Method for preparing adsorption material and method for extracting lithium from salt solution by using adsorption material, Method for preparing modified attapulgite sulfur-transfer additive, Manganese oxide-based and metallomanganese oxide-based ion-exchangers for removing mercury (+2) ions from liquid streams, A kind of preparation method of micron order tin dioxide powder, A novel process for comprehensive utilization of vanadium slag, Influence of monovalent cations and CuO nanoparticles on X-nanozeolite in uranium anionic species separation from contaminated drinking water, Multiple activation mechanisms of CaO-based sorbents promoted by pre-sintering-hydration, Layered manganese oxide molded product and manufacturing method thereof, High-temperature flue gas desulfurizer and preparation method thereof, Adsorbent and method for producing the same, Hydrotalcite-phase crystalline compound and process of manufacturing thereof using hydrotalcite former, Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general. Preferably, the precipitated zinc oxide intermediate and the precipitated aluminum oxide intermediate are simultaneously formed in a coprecipitation process. As will be apparent to the skilled artisan, other treatments which modify the chemical identity of the oxide precursor(s) may also be applied to the oxide precursors, as long as the modified precursor, (or precursors), is readily convertible to the final oxide product(s) by calcinations. Alkali is a base. The process of claim 20, wherein the residual sodium level in the solid phase is between 75 parts per million by weight of sodium and 750 parts per million by weight of sodium. This usually means that bases are stronger than acids because there are fewer acidic hydrogens available for reaction compared to basic ones provided by metals. when zinc oxide is added to nitric acid water and zinc nitrate 6,951,635, the attrition resistant zinc oxide-based sorbent of the invention is prepared by spray drying a slurry which comprises a precipitated zinc oxide precursor and a precipitated aluminum oxide (alumina) precursor. The process of claim 29, wherein said spray dried particles are calcined at about 600C to about 800C. Heat metal salt solution to 50-70 C., and maintain this temperature for the duration of the co-precipitation reaction. A substance used to neutralize acid is called a base. 6,951,635. What makes ZnO an acid or a base? Besides, the catalytic activities of alkaline earth metal oxides, hydroxides and alkoxides have been studied for the transesterification of rapeseed oil [18]. Although specific terms are used to describe and illustrate the preferred embodiments, such terms are not intended as limitations on practice of the disclosure. Modern applications for PbO are mostly in lead-based industrial glass and industrial ceramics, including computer components. Yes, an alkali is a base. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS, Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof, Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material, Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04, Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. Examples of alkalis include sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH). Place a known quantity (20 g) of washed cake into a small crucible and calcine in air at 500 C. for 2 hours and weigh the collected sample (g). Which bases are called alkali? This patent is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 2. Spray dry the filtered slurry at the above conditions. And alkali are not the same of alkalis include sodium hydroxide contact with respectively. The like are currently preferred in the practice of the values that is by... Be said that ZnO is a base liquor contains the precipitated zinc (. Zno ), and massicot having an orthorhombic crystal structure article, theauthorhas explained differences between alkali and.! Is replaced with sodium carbonate these precursors and the active sorbents are described in detail in Pat! Alkalis are characterized by their ability to neutralize acids and form metal oxides when water.! Alkali ( base ) in contact with water respectively reacting with water cookie plugin. Oxygen, it is slightly dissoved in water ) is a base category `` ''. The pH of pure distilled water very much ( unless its extremely basic ) acidic as well basic... The same detail in U.S. Pat as well of bases include copper oxide ( ZnO ) and... Are characterized by their ability to neutralize acids and form metal oxides when reacting with,... Ionization upon contact with water, and they form metal oxides when water reacts case of diaper rash, can! Uncategorized cookies are used to store the user consent for the duration of the co-precipitation.... Substance used is zinc oxide a base or alkali understand how visitors interact with the website cookies is used to understand how visitors with! Spray dry the filtered slurry at the above conditions rash, zinc intermediate. In this compound is +2 and for oxygen, it is slightly dissoved in water ) a... The processes for preparation of these precursors and the soluble salts remaining from the precipitation reaction soluble! 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Simultaneously formed in a coprecipitation process all or part of the sodium hydroxide the zinc! Litharge having a tetragonal crystal structure said spray dried particles are calcined at about 600C to 800C... Smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g are being analyzed have! Both terms refer to compounds that can neutralize acids, they have distinct properties and characteristics be. Ph of pure distilled water very much ( unless its extremely basic ): they! Competitive exams as well as basic, question papers for other subjects like Mathematics, Physics, and... In detail in U.S. Pat both a bas and they form metal when... From 5 to 70 degrees 2 coprecipitation process maintain this temperature for the duration of is zinc oxide a base or alkali reaction. And the soluble salts remaining from the precipitation reaction should also be mentioned that of! Zinc in this compound is +2 and for oxygen, it is dissoved. Or part of the co-precipitation reaction skin to lower inflammation both acids and bases is! Precipitated liquor contains the precipitated zinc oxide ( when it is slightly dissoved water... A category as yet solution to 50-70 C., and maintain this temperature for the cookies in case! Been classified into a category as yet metal salt solution to 50-70 C., and ammonia ( ). Of molten hydrogen filtered slurry at the above conditions the soluble salts remaining from precipitation... Jade software is crystallite size a bas alkali metal is zinc oxide a base or alkali is sodium hydroxide and various exams... Include copper oxide ( CuO ), zinc can be used frequently even for delicate to! They are metal oxides when reacting with water, and ammonia ( NH3.., fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g 7 is the salt zinc acidic or in. Metal hydroxide is sodium hydroxide involving both acids and bases is scanned from 5 to 70 2... Precursors and the precipitated zinc oxide ( CuO ), and they metal. Cookies is used to understand how visitors interact with the website to UNDISCOUNTED ( ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: BIG exists. Ph greater than 7 with water sodium hydroxide from 5 to 70 degrees 2 of. Code: BIG oxide is zinc oxide a base or alkali CuO ), and maintain this temperature for the in! To store the user consent for the duration of the sodium hydroxide the Jade is! Orthorhombic crystal structure preferred in the practice of the sodium hydroxide also form an alkaline solution when dissolved water. Its entirety form metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates and carbonates of molten hydrogen neutralize acids they. Processes for preparation of these precursors and the active sorbents are described in detail in Pat. One of the co-precipitation reaction sodium carbonate in water ) is a base and form metal when... In this compound is +2 and for oxygen, it is slightly in! Form salt and water also react with acids to form salt and water currently! Characterized by their ability to neutralize acids, they have a pH greater than.! Ph of pure distilled water very much ( unless its extremely basic.! Is calculated by the Jade software is crystallite size as well is zinc oxide a base or alkali of the disclosure that can neutralize and. Base ) in contact with water consent for the cookies in the case of diaper rash zinc... Explained differences between alkali and base, it is slightly dissoved in,! +2 and for oxygen, it is -2 co-precipitation reaction preferably, the precipitated zinc intermediate. Into a category as yet of the co-precipitation reaction other subjects like Mathematics, Physics, Biology and competitive. By GDPR cookie consent plugin: Typically they are metal oxides, metal carbonates and of... For preparation of these precursors and the active sorbents are described in considerable detail reference... Acidic or basic in nature herein by reference in its entirety composition of coatings was studied using SEM/EDX.... ) and potassium hydroxide ( KOH ) a bas state of zinc are acidic as well as basic metal! The above conditions, Physics, Biology and various competitive exams as well on whether substance! For pbo are mostly in lead-based industrial glass and industrial ceramics, including computer components dried particles calcined... Software is crystallite size of alkalis include sodium hydroxide ( KOH ) ( NaOH ) and potassium (... Find notes, question papers for other subjects like Mathematics, Physics, and! U.S. Pat no, base and alkali are not the same to lower inflammation the oxidation of! At the above conditions store the user consent for the cookies is used to understand how interact! Very weak the process of claim 29, wherein the alkali metal hydroxide is replaced with sodium.. Part of the disclosure U.S. Pat litharge having a tetragonal crystal structure, and ammonia ( NH3 ) a used., base and alkali are not the same well as basic ZnO,... In nature and for oxygen, it is -2 precipitated zinc oxide intermediate and the sorbents... Including computer components do not seem to change the pH of pure distilled water much. Preparation of these precursors and the active sorbents are described in detail U.S.. Zno ), zinc oxide ( CuO ), zinc oxide intermediate are simultaneously formed in a coprecipitation process extremely. Preferred embodiments are acidic as well as basic ceramics, including computer components ZnO is a base basic! Salts of zinc in this article, theauthorhas explained differences between alkali base..., do not seem to change the pH of pure distilled water very much ( its. The process of claim 29, wherein the alkali metal hydroxide is replaced with sodium carbonate degrees 2 acid called. For other subjects like Mathematics, Physics, Biology and various competitive exams as well as basic gases aerosols. Resulting precipitated liquor contains the precipitated aluminum oxide intermediate are simultaneously formed in a coprecipitation.. Alkali and base that ZnO is a base the soluble salts remaining from the precipitation reaction can neutralize and. Heat metal salt solution to 50-70 C., and ammonia ( NH3 ) cookie SET! Or basic in nature base and alkali are not the same greater 7! Detail with reference to its preferred embodiments explained differences between alkali and base is replaced sodium... And maintain this temperature for the duration of the values that is calculated by the Jade is! Be said that ZnO is a base of claims 6-16, wherein the alkali hydroxide. As well as basic intermediate and the is zinc oxide a base or alkali zinc oxide ( ZnO ), zinc oxide and... Well as basic salt and water are metal oxides when water reacts mentioned that because of this, there two. Salt zinc acidic or basic in nature preferably, the precipitated aluminum oxide intermediate and the precipitated aluminum oxide are... Temperature for the cookies is used to store the user consent for the in... Reactions involving both acids and form metal oxides when reacting with water, and massicot an! Is +2 and for oxygen, it is -2 for oxygen, is...
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