. Koroma suspended the constitution, banned demonstrations, shut down all private radio stations in the country and invited the RUF to join the new junta government, with its leader Foday Sankoh as the Vice-Chairman of the new AFRC-RUF coalition junta government. 267,827. The African country of Sierra Leone is divided into five major areas. DuBois, Marc, and Caitlin Wake, with Scarlett Sturridge and Christina Bennett (2015). are traders; both groups are primarily found in the far north in Kambia and Koinadugu District close to the border with Guinea. [86] SSD officers were loyal to Stevens and were deployed across the country to clamp down on any rebellion or protest against Stevens' government. Sierra Leone, along with Liberia, Ivory Coast and Guinea, form the Mano River Union (MRU). In October 2000, a UN-approved certification system for exporting diamonds from the country was put in place and led to a dramatic increase in legal exports. One traditional leader from each district occupies a seat in Sierra Leone's parliament . Prior to conducting the election, Sierra Leoneans and international stakeholders were involved in a major debate on whether the nation should focus on trying to end the long running civil war, or to conduct elections and hence returning governance back to a civilian-led administration with a multi-party system of parliament that would provide the foundation for long-lasting peace and national prosperity. [53], At about the same time (following the abolition of the slave trade in 1807), Royal Navy crews delivered thousands of formerly enslaved Africans to Freetown, after liberating them from illegal slave ships. The APC named a new presidential candidate to succeed Stevens at party's last delegate conference, held in Freetown in November 1985. Sierra Leone, [note 1] officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country on the southwest coast of West Africa. The Western Area is divided into two districts. To be elected president of Sierra Leone, a candidate must gain at least 55% of the vote. In response, the NPRC hired the services of South African-based private military contractor Executive Outcomes for several hundred mercenary fighters in order to strengthen the response to the advances of the RUF rebels. These At the highest level of administration, Sierra Leone is divided into five units. The president is the head of state, the head of government and the commander-in-chief of the Sierra Leone Armed Forces. In November 1968, unrest in the provinces led Stevens to declare a state of emergency across the country. 2004 saw a population of four million, nine hundred and seventy-six thousand eight hundred and seventy-one (4,976,871) and in the 2015 census Sierra Leone recorded a total population of seven million and ninety-two thousand, one hundred and thirteen (7,092,113), the last census before the latest mid-term population and housing census which indicated a total of eight hundred and forty-three thousand two hundred and fifty-four (843,254) residential buildings, whilst for non-residential a total of seven thousand five hundred and three ( 7,503). When Sierra Leone gained independence in 1961, the Royal Sierra Leone Military Force was created from the Sierra Leone Battalion of the West African Frontier Force. The majority of the Kono ethnic group are Christians, though with an influential Muslim minority. The three least populated districts are Karene, Falaba, and Koinadugu with 3.8%, 2.2%, and 2.7% respectively of the total population. Strasser replaced Musa as deputy NPRC chairman with Captain Bio, who was instantly promoted by Strasser to brigadier. Civil War In Sierra Leone And The Role Of "Blood Diamonds". In April 1971, a new republican constitution was adopted under which Stevens became president. The current president is Julius Maada Bio. The city had a population of 34,079 in the 2004 census and a 2013 estimate of 40,000. The Krios are virtually all Christians at about 99%. Sandbars, generally separated by silting lagoons, sometimes form the actual coast. The country is home to the Sierra Leone Inter-Religious Council, which is made up of both Christian and Muslim religious leaders to promote peace and tolerance throughout the country. There are a few internationally linked automated teller machines that accept Visa cards in Freetown operated by ProCredit Bank. The name Yalunka literally means "inhabitants of the Jallon (mountains)". The upper part of the drainage basin of the Moa River is located in the south of this region. By September 2014, with the closure of borders, the cancellation of airline flights, the evacuation of foreign workers and a collapse of cross-border trade, the national deficit of Sierra Leone and other affected countries was widening to the point where the IMF was considering expanding its financial support. Sierra Leone as a country lies between latitude and longitude 12.2 degrees west and 8.5 degrees north respectively. By January 2002, the war was declared over. Pressures to end colonialism had as much to do with Britains weakened position following World War II as it did with the pan-African demands for autonomy. ITV and SATCON are currently operational. [126] The military seized control in 1968, bringing the National Reformation Council into power. There are 11,300 kilometres (7,000 miles) of highways in Sierra Leone, of which 904km (562mi)[103] are paved (about 8% of the roads). The Sierra Leone Broadcasting Service (SLBS) was created by the colonial government in 1934 making it the earliest English language radio broadcaster service in West Africa. Agyepong I. "Female Genital Cutting: Current Practices and Beliefs in Western Africa." [30], Sierra Leone's dense tropical rainforest and swampy environment were considered impenetrable; it was also host to the tsetse fly, which carried a disease fatal to horses and the zebu cattle used by the Mande-speaking people. One of the most popular tourist destinations in Sierra Leone is located in this province: Outamba-Kilimi National Park. The Eastern Province is divided into three districts: Located in the northern region of Sierra Leone is the countrys Northern Province. The SLPP, which was then the most popular political party in the colony of Sierra Leone as well as being supported by the powerful paramount chiefs in the provinces, won the most seats in Parliament and Margai was re-elected as Chief Minister by a landslide. He also endeavoured to change Sierra Leone from a democracy to a one-party state. Kenema is the most populated district in Sierra Leone, according to the preliminary report of the final result of the Mid-Term Census report released by Statistics Sierra Leone (Stats SL) last week. Sierra Leone has one of the world's largest deposits of rutile, a titanium ore used as paint pigment and welding rod coatings. [104][105], Sierra Leone is home to four terrestrial ecoregions: Guinean montane forests, Western Guinean lowland forests, Guinean forest-savanna mosaic, and Guinean mangroves. Sierra Leone's highways are linked to Conakry, Guinea, and Monrovia, Liberia. He was reinstated after nine months through military intervention by ECOMOG. [103] As a result of migration to cities, the population is becoming more urban with an estimated rate of urbanisation growth of 2.9% a year. Within a month they had driven RUF fighters back to enclaves along Sierra Leone's borders and cleared the RUF from the Kono diamond-producing areas of Sierra Leone. [126][127] The RSLMF remained a single-service organisation until 1979, when the Sierra Leone Navy was established. [133][134] In total, there are 19 local councils: 13 district councils, one for each of the 12 districts and one for the Western Area Rural, and six municipalities also have elected local councils. He appointed government officials to represent various ethnic groups. She employed her capacity for friendly communications to persuade the British to give her control of the Kpaa Mende chiefdom. If you are interested in the answer to the question "How many men and women are there in Koinadugu District, Sierra Leone?" There are organised youth and adult football tournaments across the country, and there are various primary and secondary schools with football teams across Sierra Leone. [188] The two largest mosques in Sierra Leone are the Freetown Central Mosque and the Ghadafi Central Mosque (built by former Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi), both located in the capital Freetown. The national capital Freetown sits on a coastal peninsula, situated next to the Sierra Leone Harbour. After the execution of Bangura, a group of soldiers loyal to the executed general held a mutiny in Freetown and other parts of the country in opposition to Stevens' government. Many of the Sierra Leone national team footballers play for teams based in Europe although virtually all of them started professional football in the Sierra Leone National Premier League. Sir Albert was accused of corruption and of a policy of affirmative action in favour of his own Mende ethnic group. The RSLMF was renamed as the Armed Forces of the Republic of Sierra Leone (AFRSL). Upon Milton Margai's unexpected death in 1964, his younger half-brother, Sir Albert Margai, was appointed as Prime Minister by parliament. It is the most populous District in the North and the second most populous District in Sierra Leone, after the Western Area Urban District. There is high unemployment, particularly among the youth and ex-combatants. [citation needed]. It is the second largest city in Sierra Leone and the biggest city in the southern province serving as the administrative center and capital of Bo district. The Sierra Leonean Government is constitutionally forbidden from establishing a state religion, though Muslim and Christian prayers are usually held in the country at the beginning of major political occasions, including presidential inaugurations and the official opening of the new session of Parliament. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 90.2 (2012): 120-127F. While the district councils are under the oversight of their respective provincial administrations, the municipalities are directly overseen by the Ministry of Local Government & Community Development and thus administratively independent of district and provincial administrations. [56][57][58][59], The settlement of Sierra Leone in the 1800s was unique in that the population was composed of displaced Africans who were brought to the colony after the British abolition of the slave trade in 1807. Lieutenant Sandy was given a state funeral and his funeral prayers service at the cathedral church in Freetown was attended by many high-ranking soldiers of the NPRC junta, including Strasser himself and NPRC deputy leader Sergeant Solomon Musa. Most of the Mosques and Islamic schools across Sierra Leone are based in Sunni Islam. Area figures are derived from geospatial data. The CIA estimated that the average life expectancy in Sierra Leone was 57.39 years. Sierra Leone is a West African country near the Atlantic Ocean. Freetown is Sierra Leone's political, economic, cultural, financial, and educational center. According to the report, Sierra Leones population has increased by 6.4%, since the last census in 2015. Several religious funded TV stations operate intermittently. The topography of the province is mostly hilly woodlands, and the land supports a range of endangered species. [62] Fourah Bay College soon became a magnet for Sierra Leone Creoles and other Africans seeking higher education in British West Africa. The army was devoted to Bangura, and this made him potentially dangerous to Stevens. The Crown did not supply enough basic supplies and provisions and the Settlers were continually threatened by illegal slave trading and the risk of re-enslavement. [107] Mining and slash and burn for land conversion such as cattle grazing dramatically diminished forested land in Sierra Leone since the 1980s. However, Stevens' hand-picked successor Joseph Saidu Momoh promised to return the country to a multi-party system; a new constitution was adopted in 1991 that provided the means for a multi-party democracy. [187] The United Council of Imams, is an influential Islamic religious body in Sierra Leone, that is made up of all imams of mosques throughout Sierra Leone. The Inter-Religious Council of Sierra Leone estimated that 77% of Sierra Leone's population are Muslims, 21% are Christians, and 2% are followers of traditional African religion. In other words, the population of Sierra Leone has grown almost three and half times it was in 1963 (2,180,355). Sierra Leone is home to Sub-Saharan Africa's first Western-style university: Fourah Bay College (established in 1827). In Freetown, the Guma Valley Water Company remains in charge of the water supply. ( 2012 ): 120-127F as the Armed Forces of the vote among the and... 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