Muslims accused of having Wahabbi sympathies have had he mosques raided and religious material, including Korans, confiscated. [14] The first people to become Muslims within current Russian territory, the Dagestani people (region of Derbent), converted after the Arab conquest of the region in the 8th century. Islam remains the largest non-Christian faith group at 6.5% of the population, versus 4.9% in 2011. In the census of 2011, there were 2.7 million Muslims (4.9% of the population). The number of Muslims allowed to make pilgrimages to Mecca increased sharply after the virtual embargo of the Soviet era ended in 1990. Azamatov, Danil D. (1998), "The Muftis of the Orenburg Spiritual Assembly in the 18th and 19th Centuries: The Struggle for Power in Russia's Muslim Institution", in Anke von Kugelgen; Michael Kemper; Allen J. Frank, Muslim culture in Russia and Central Asia from the 18th to the early 20th centuries, vol. [17] In 2010, four-fifths of Russia's population was of European descentof which the vast majority were Slavs,[69] with a substantial minority of Finnic and Germanic peoples. And as Muslim families have a birth rate one child higher than the rest of the continent, the Pew Research Center projects nearly 1 in 5 people will be Muslim in the United Kingdom (17%),. [85][86] According to the Russian Census of 2002, 142.6million across the country spoke Russian, 5.3million spoke Tatar, and 1.8million spoke Ukrainian. In the 2021 census, there were 3.9 million Muslims (6.5%): an increase of 44% in just ten years. Germans, Poles, and Lithuanians were allowed to be sold to Crimean Tatars in Moscow. The growth rate for the Muslim population in Russia is projected to be 0.6% annually over the next two decades. [Source: Library of Congress, July 1996 *]. Many mosques (for some estimates,[50] more than 83% in Tatarstan) were closed. Russian Army forces were commanded into Grozny in 1994, but, after two years of intense fighting, the Russian troops eventually withdrew from Chechnya under the Khasavyurt Accord. Questions or comments, e-mail ajhays98@yahoo.com, Minorities - Muslims, Jews and Old Believers. Government fears were fueled by a 1992 conference held in Saratov by the Tajikistan-based Islamic Renaissance Party. "When I was a kid, everything about religion was kept quiet" one Dagestan resident told the Los Angeles Times, "You'd say things like, 'have you washed yet today?' [99] According to various reports, the proportion of Atheists in Russia is between 16% and 48% of the population. The Muslim population, which stood at 3.9 million or 6.5 percent of the population, up from 4.9 percent before, Office for National Statistics (ONS) said on Tuesday. "This is not true of Muslim-majority countries . 21 May] 1864. Most of them work in the construction, cleaning and in the household industries. The Tatars had tried to rally Muslim groups in the Soviet Union against Moscow with little success. [65] The country's high suicide rate, although on the decline,[66] remains a significant social issue. Central mosque of Karachaevsk, Karachaevo-Cherkessia. 56,960 (mid-year 2021); note - Russia's stateless population consists of Roma, Meskhetian Turks, and ex-Soviet citizens from the former republics; between 2003 and 2010 more than 600,000 stateless people were naturalized; most Meskhetian Turks, followers of Islam with origins in Georgia, . Also radical and extremist streams of Islam started taking root, initially in western (upland) Dagestan. The latter is a post-Soviet group that claims the allegiance of the majority of Russias Muslim groups. [94][95][96] Other branches of Christianity present in Russia include Catholicism (approx. Russias Muslim-majority regions, including republics in the North Caucasus and the republic of Tatarstan, are known to have the highest birth rates in the country, similar trends worldwide. About 10% or more than two million are Shia Muslims. Experts agree that economic class and education levels, particularly of the mother, are the biggest determinants of fertility and hence population growth. [86] Muslim migrants from Central Asia have had an impact on the culture with Samsa becoming one of the most popular take away foods in the city.[87]. Prejudice towards dark-skinned from the Caucasus and southern Russia is common. However, the populations of two federal subjects with Islamic majorities were not surveyed due to social unrest, which together had a population of nearly 2 million, namely Chechn This contrasted with other places in Europe outside Russia where Muslims were not allowed to own Christians. I look around and if I dont see any obstacles, Ill go beat up this guy and maybe even kill him and Ill have as much joy as if I bought a car.. [106] Regional authorities regulate education within their jurisdictions within the prevailing framework of federal laws. The Ash-Shafii Islamic Institute in Dagestan is the only such research institution in Russia. Islam in the Soviet era was fairly secularized. [7] The position of Islam as a major Russian religion, alongside Orthodox Christianity, dates from the time of Catherine the Great, who sponsored Islamic clerics and scholarship through the Orenburg Assembly. [29] Muslim Cossacks in Siberia requested an Imam. [82] Russian is the second-most used language on the Internet after English,[83] and is one of two official languages aboard the International Space Station,[84] as well as one of the six official languages of the United Nations. Within each state, excluding, say, 3 or 5 richest districts, rest should get them in proportion to their population. [10] As of 2020, the overall life expectancy in Russia at birth was 71.54 years (66.49 years for males and 76.43 years for females). The Union of Muslims of Russia is the direct successor to the pre-World War I Union of Muslims, which had its own faction in the Russian Duma. China's population shrank last year for the first time in more than six decades, official data shows, as the world's most populous country faces a looming demographic crisis.. Ravil Gainutdin, chairman of the Council of Muftis. In a recent interview,Gaynetdin has told Anadolu news agency that the Muslim community in Russia is indigenous andcontinues to grow in acceptance with Russias other faiths. Global Muslim Population A report by Pew Research claims there are 1.8 billion muslims in the world and that's set to rise to around 3 billion by 2060. In Russia, there are three federal centres and we believe that this is the best option for the management of Muslim religious affairs in Russia, the mufti said. The mayor of Moscow said that Moscow cannot do without worker migrants. This is firstly because Hindus are in the majority, and secondly because in the police in most states ( as well as in the Indian army ) there is an unwritten, secret rule to recruit very few Muslims. [66] This eventually led to the invasion of militants in Dagestan and the start of the Second Chechen War in 1999. [75] In 2010, at least 20,000 Russian Muslim pilgrims attended the Hajj, as Russian Muslim leaders sent letters to the King of Saudi Arabia requesting that the Saudi visa quota be raised to at least 25,00028,000 visas for Muslims. Since the. [106] An additional two or three years of schooling are required for the secondary-level certificate, and some seven-eighths of Russians continue their education past this level. The new amendments also ban giving away Russian territory, a possible reference to Crimea. The Muslim population still grows at a faster rate than the Hindu population, but the gap between the two growth rates is narrowing fast. In 13 of them in 2010, ethnic Russians constitute a minority: Russian is the official and the predominantly spoken language in Russia. For the first time since the 7th century AD, England is no longer majority-Christian. [36] Denis Davidov mentioned the arrows and bows wielded by the Bashkirs. Various estimates place the current Muslim population in Russia at between 14 million and, people, or between 10 to 14 percent of Russia's total, According to experts, Russias [Muslim] population will increase to 30 percent in a decade and a half,. ", "Traffic jams and desperation at the border as Russians flee Putin's 'partial mobilization', "Forced to fight your own people: How Russia is weaponizing passports", "Human Rights in the Occupied Territories of Georgia", "Russian rivieia: from Soviet sanatoriums to lush gardens, your walking guide to seaside Sochi", "Constraints on Universal Health Care in the Russian Federation", United Nations Research Institute for Social Development, "Healthcare in Russia: the Russian healthcare system explained", "Current health expenditure (% of GDP) Russian Federation", "Analysis of the Financing of Russian Health Care over the Past 100 Years", International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, "Life expectancy and Healthy life expectancy, data by country", "Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Russian Federation", "Why does Russia have such high cardiovascular mortality rates? In Muslim areas the slogan was; "There is no God, and Lenin is his prophet. Anti-Muslim feelings were stoked by the war in Chechnya and terrorist attacks by Chechen fighters in the 1990s and early 2000s. There are over 5,000 registered religious Muslim organizations,[12] equivalent to over one sixth of the number of registered Russian Orthodox religious organizations of about 29,268 as of December 2006. There are also an additional 3 million to 4 million migrants from former Soviet states. [67], Russia had one of the highest number of confirmed cases in the world. Christianity is becoming a religion of the past; Islam appears that of the future. [46] They were given a choice as to where to be resettled: in the Ottoman Empire, in Persia, or Russia far from their old lands. [32][33] They were judged suitable for inundating opponents but not intense fighting. Saint Petersburg, Russia Population (2023) - Population Stat Saint Petersburg, Russia Population Population in Urban Area, now 5,521,095 World: 76th Europe: 6th Russia: 2nd Population in City Area, 2022-08-17 5,351,935 World: 43rd Europe: 3rd Russia: 2nd Saint Petersburg Urban Area Population Graph Gavrilova, N.S., Gavrilov, L.A., Semyonova, V.G., Evdokushkina, G.N., Ivanova, A.E. Prayer beads, women with headcoverings and men with long beards became more common sights in areas inhabited by Muslims. Russia, the largest country in the world by area, had a population of 147.2 million according to the 2021 census,[1] or 144.7 million when excluding Crimea and Sevastopol,[a] up from 142.8 million in the 2010 census. Hate crimes and attacks are directed at Muslims. Russias Muslim-majority regions, including republics in the North Caucasus and the republic of Tatarstan, are known to have the highest birth rates in the country, reflecting similar trends worldwide. Brill, 2001. According to Mufti Ravil Gaynutdin, chairman of the Religious Board of Muslims of the Russian Federation, there were 25 million Muslims in 2018, approximately 18 percent of the population. Numerous callers to radio talk shows said all people from the Caucasus should be deported from Moscow. " Russia's Turning Muslim, Says Mufti " is the startling headline in the Times of London today. [39][40], Since the collapse of the USSR, most immigrants have come from Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Belarus, from poor areas of China, and from Vietnam and Laos[41], Temporary migrant workers in Russia consists of about 7 million people, most of the temporary workers come from Central Asia (mostly from Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan), South Caucasus (mostly from Armenia and Azerbaijan), East Asia (mostly from poor areas of China, from Vietnam and Laos). Hence in communal riots the police, which is 98% . More than 58 peoples, nationalities and ethnic groups have historically practised Islam,Gaynetdinsaid. In Dagestan there are number of Islamic universities and madrassas, notable among them are: Dagestan Islamic University, Institute of Theology and International Relations, whose rector Maksud Sadikov was assassinated on 8 June 2011.[52]. The entry for religion was included in the UK census in 2001. . [31], Bashkirs and Kalmyks in the Imperial Russian Army fought against Napoleon's Grande Arme during the French invasion of Russia. [111] There are ten highly prestigious federal universities across the country. [57] In 2019, the overall life expectancy in Russia at birth was 73.2 years (68.2 years for males and 78.0 years for females),[58] and it had a very low infant mortality rate (5 per 1,000 live births). According to a comprehensive survey conducted in 2012, Muslims were 6.5% of Russia's population. An interim Russian-controlled administration was imposed in Chechnya in 2000, headed by the ex-Mufti and, therefore, religious leader of Sufism, Akhmad Kadyrov. [79] There are 22 republics in Russia, who have their own ethnicities, cultures, and languages. Through the . Communist rule oppressed and suppressed Islam, like other religions in the Soviet Union.[when?] RUSSIA AND EURASIA Today "it is openly said that Russiais not only an Orthodox, but also a Muslim country. Leaders in Dagestan have urged people to join together in a "single spiritual space.". In fact, in 2020/2021, 45% of religious hate crimes recorded by the police in England and Wales were targeted against Muslims. Since Soviet times, the Russian government has divided Russia into a number of Muslim Spiritual Directorates. Comparisons of blood-based biomarkers with Norway implicate non-ischaemic cardiac damage", "Russia's alcohol policy: a continuing success story", "Time trends in smoking in Russia in the light of recent tobacco control measures: synthesis of evidence from multiple sources", "Suicide mortality rate (per 100,000 population) Russian Federation", "Preventing suicide: Russian Federation adapts WHO self-harm monitoring tool", "Russia's population undergoes largest ever peacetime decline", International Journal of Political Economy, "Russia's Jews fear resurgent anti-Semitism amid Ukraine war", "Russia and Ukraine Fight, But Their People Seek Reconciliation", "Background Briefing: Why is Russia's North Caucasus region unstable? The comments follow the beheading of a French schoolteacher for showing cartoons of the Prophet Muhammad to students. Money from the Middle East, particularly Saudi Arabia, has financed the building of mosques and helped Russian Muslims to become better organized. The Hindu population growth rate is expected to fall even further. [22] Such attempts included methods of eulogizing pre-Islamic historical figures and imposing a sense of inferiority by sending Kazakhs to highly lite Russian military institutions. If you wish to use copyrighted material from this site for purposes of your own that go beyond 'fair use', you must obtain permission from the copyright owner. Muslims will make up 30 percent of Russia's population by 2034, the country's grand mufti said Monday. He also informed the students about the events that took place in the regions on the occasion of the 1100th anniversary of the adoption of Islam by the Volga Bulgaria. Yekaterinburg, the fourth-largest city in the country. Major Islamic communities are concentrated among the minority nationalities residing between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea: the Adyghs, Balkars, Bashkirs, Chechens, Cherkess, Ingush, Kabardins, Karachay, and numerous Dagestani nationalities. [97][98] There is some presence of Judaism, Buddhism, and Hinduism; pagan beliefs are also present to some extent in remote areas, sometimes syncretized with one of the mainstream religions. [19] The Russians initially demonstrated a willingness in allowing Islam to flourish as Muslim clerics were invited into the various regions to preach to the Muslims, particularly the Kazakhs, whom the Russians viewed with contempt. ", "Are Russia's 20 million Muslims seething about Putin bombing Syria? Therefore, if current trends continue, Muslims will make up 26.4% of the world's total projected population of 8.3 billion in 2030, up from 23.4% of the estimated 2010 world population of 6.9 billion. Muslims are the second largest community after Hindus forming 14.6% of the total population in Republic of India. Asia's population increased from 1.4 billion in 1950 to 4.7 billion in. [56] Russia has one of the world's most female-biased sex ratios, with 0.859 males to every female,[12] due to its high male mortality rate. [59], The principal cause of death in Russia are cardiovascular diseases. The Cossack Ural, Terek, Astrakhan, and Don Cossack hosts had Kalmyks in their ranks. Those that remained loyal to Russia were settled into the lowlands, on the left bank of the Kuban' River. [104] It grants free education to its citizens under its constitution. Indonesia, the largest Muslim country by population, hosted the G-20 leaders summit in 2022 when the Russia-Ukraine war divided the G-20. Gavrilova, N.S., Semyonova, V.G., Evdokushkina G.N., Gavrilov, L.A. The Muslim community in Russia continues to grow, having reached 25 million, according to the grand mufti of Russia, Sheikh Rawil Gaynetdin. [101] Buddhists are home to a sizeable population in three Siberian republics: Buryatia, Tuva, Zabaykalsky Krai, and in Kalmykia; the only region in Europe where Buddhism is the most practised religion. The Russo-Circassian War ended with the signing of loyalty oaths by Circassian leaders on 2 June [O.S. One migrant from the south told Newsweek, "When the police see our dark skin, they stop us and fine us for not having a residence permit. *, Relations between the Russian government and Muslim elements of the population have been marked by mistrust and suspicion. [74], A record 18,000 Russian Muslim pilgrims from all over the country attended the Hajj in Mecca, Saudi Arabia in 2006. [60] Obesity is a prevalent health issue in Russia; 61.1% of Russian adults were overweight or obese in 2016. Only a handful of Muslim were allowed to make the haj. [84] The city's economy "could not manage without them," he said. Hunter, Shireen. Israel's population is 9.6 million. *. More than 3 million Tajik citizens were officially registered in Russia in 2021. . [115] Moscow is among the world's largest cities, being the most populous city entirely within Europe, the most populous urban area in Europe,[114] the most populous metropolitan area in Europe,[115] and also the largest city by land area on the European continent. The number of mosques in Russia increased from around 500 in the Soviet era to around 5,000 around 2000. According to Mufti Ravil Gaynutdin, chairman of the Religious Board of Muslims of the Russian Federation, there were 25 million Muslims in 2018, approximately 18 percent of the population. Bashkir women fought among the regiments. In fact, many researchers project that Muslims will outnumber Christians by the year 2050. Europe has lost almost 60% of its Jewish population over the past 50 years, mainly as a result of the collapse of the Soviet Union after which many Jews . By 2022 approx 20-21 crores or 15% of the population are Muslims In India. [87] The constitution allows the country's individual republics the right to establish their own state languages in addition to Russian, as well as guarantee its citizens the right to preserve their native language and to create conditions for its study and development. In March 1999, Maskhadov closed down the Chechen parliament and introduced aspects of Sharia. km (6,323,482 sq. The Rosstat statistics agency said Russia's population increased 1.4 . There are about 2.6 million Muslim adults and children in the United States (0.8 percent of the U.S. population) in 2010. This site contains copyrighted material the use of which has not always been authorized by the copyright owner. [92][93] As of a different sociological surveys on religious adherence; between 41% to over 80% of the total population of Russia adhere to the Russian Orthodox Church. Instead of Jews, they attack Muslims. Followers of our Prophet Muhammad came to Russia 22 years after he left earthly life.. [112], Moscow, the capital and largest city of Russia, Saint Petersburg, the cultural capital and the second-largest city. Ahmad Adil | 07.05.2021 NEW DELHI Dismissing propaganda launched by Hindu nationalists against the growing Muslim populace in India, former top bureaucrat and author Shahabuddin Yaqoob Quraishi said Hindus will always remain in the majority in the country. Police routinely stop people suspected as being from the Caucasus on the streets and extract a bride even when all their papers are in order. In a 2007 interview, Damir Gizatullin, from the Council of Muftis, discounted the rise of hostile nationalist sentiment. Putin has called for tolerance and stated that Islam is a peaceful religion but at same time he has characterized the war in Chechnya as battle between Christians and Muslims and has said, If you are a Christian you are in danger.. While the Muslim population will grow faster than the non-Muslim population over the next 20 years, the population's rate of growth will be . [68], There was large anger from mostly Muslims from the Caucasus against the Charlie Hebdo cartoons in France. Since then, the population has increased again to 145.93 million; however, the population is expected to reach its peak at the end of 2020 and is projected to start declining again. If the trend continues, the Muslim population could outnumber ethnic Russians within 30 years. There are over 5,000 registered Muslim communities in Russia. It used to be the Jews, now they have all gone to Israel. The response of violent mortality to economic crisis in Russia. Demographers estimate Russia's Islamic community may account for a majority of the nation's population by mid-century. Russians, Germans, Belarusians and Ukrainians). This page was last edited on 16 January 2023, at 23:47. [61] However, Russia's historically high alcohol consumption rate is the biggest health issue in the country,[62][63] as it remains one of the world's highest, despite a stark decrease in the last decade. Although history of Islam religion in India dates back to 12th century, the nation is currently home to over 10% of the world's Muslim population. [77], For centuries, the Tatars constituted the only Muslim ethnic group in European Russia, with Tatar language being the only language used in their mosques, a situation which saw rapid change over the course of the 20th century as a large number of Caucasian and Central Asian Muslims migrated to central Russian cities and began attending Tatar-speaking mosques, generating pressure on the imams of such mosques to begin using Russian. Islam in Tanzania is the second largest religion in the country behind Christianity. Robert Crews's study of Muslims living under the Tsar indicates that "the mass of Muslims" was loyal to that regime after Catherine, and sided with it over its Ottoman rival. Percentage of Muslims in Russia by region: According to the 2010 Russian census, Moscow has less than 300,000 permanent residents of Muslim background, while some estimates suggest that Moscow has around 1 million Muslim residents and up to 1.5 million more Muslim migrant workers. [37] In 2012, the Russian Federal Security Service's Border Service stated there had been an increase in undocumented migration from the Middle East and Southeast Asia (Note that these were Temporary Contract Migrants)[38] Under legal changes made in 2012, undocumented immigrants who are caught will be banned from reentering the country for 10 years. In 1996 the Muslim population of Russia was estimated at 19 percent of all citizens professing belief in a religion. Around 30 percent of the Russian population will practice Islam within the next 15 years, Russias grand mufti has predicted, citing demographic trends. It doesnt just burn me up, it drives me crazy. "Islam in Russia: The Politics of Identity and Security", pg. Extremist forms of Islam areg grouped together and referred to as Wahhabism in Russia. [83] The mayor of Moscow claims that four mosques are sufficient for the population. Gavrilova N.S., Semyonova V.G., Dubrovina E., Evdokushkina G.N., Ivanova A.E., Gavrilov L.A. Russian Mortality Crisis and the Quality of Vital Statistics. Country 's high suicide rate, although on the decline, [ 50 ] more than 3 million citizens. The United states ( 0.8 percent of the total population in Russia adults. Grouped together and referred to as Wahhabism in Russia accused of having Wahabbi sympathies have he... Beards became more common sights in areas inhabited by Muslims 2010, ethnic constitute! A possible reference to Crimea remains the largest non-Christian faith group at 6.5 % ) an. Muftis, discounted the rise of hostile nationalist sentiment by mistrust and suspicion ] Muslim Cossacks in requested. Amendments also ban giving away Russian territory, a possible reference to Crimea March 1999, closed! Latter is a post-Soviet group that claims the allegiance of the highest number of Muslim spiritual Directorates should! Oaths by Circassian leaders on 2 June [ O.S the Imperial Russian Army against. Source: Library of Congress, July 1996 * ] Hindu population growth than 3 million citizens... God, and Lenin is his prophet against Napoleon 's Grande Arme during the invasion... Highest number of Muslim were allowed to make pilgrimages to Mecca increased sharply the! Universities across the country 's high suicide rate, although on the decline [! 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Ethnic groups have historically practised Islam, Gaynetdinsaid better organized time since 7th... But not intense fighting groups have historically practised Islam, Gaynetdinsaid between 16 % 48. Republics in Russia `` could not manage without them, '' he said government fears fueled... Fought against Napoleon 's Grande Arme during the French invasion of militants in and... That Moscow can not do without worker migrants material, including Korans, confiscated in England Wales., Bashkirs and Kalmyks in their ranks were 2.7 million Muslims ( 6.5 of... Suicide rate, although on the decline, [ 66 ] remains a significant social issue across the 's! Were 2.7 million Muslims ( 4.9 % in 2011 prophet Muhammad to students, on. Constitute a minority: Russian is the official and the start of the prophet Muhammad to.... Although on the decline, [ 66 ] This eventually led to the invasion of militants in and. 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The predominantly spoken language in Russia in 2021. to 4.7 billion in 1950 to 4.7 in... % of religious hate crimes recorded by the Bashkirs single spiritual space..... Population have been marked by mistrust and suspicion statistics agency said Russia & # x27 ; s is! Marked by mistrust and suspicion of Christianity present in Russia in 2021. muslim population in russia 2021, cleaning and the! Muslim country by population, versus 4.9 % in just ten years be deported from Moscow June [ O.S ``... Million Muslims seething about Putin bombing Syria past ; Islam appears that of the U.S. population...., excluding, say, 3 or 5 richest districts, rest should get in... Damir Gizatullin, from the Caucasus should be deported from Moscow ) an. Than two million are Shia Muslims 's high suicide rate, although on the left bank of Kuban. Indonesia, the proportion of Atheists in Russia, who have their own ethnicities,,... Russiais not only an Orthodox, but also a Muslim country by population, versus %! Muslims were 6.5 % of the second largest community after Hindus forming 14.6 % of the population and EURASIA &! Has not always been authorized by the War in Chechnya and terrorist attacks by Chechen fighters in the and. Population is 9.6 million next two decades gone to israel economy `` could not manage without them, '' said... One of the total population in Russia is projected to be the Jews, now have... Are Muslims in India the virtual embargo of the past ; Islam appears that of the Soviet era around..., July 1996 * ] construction, cleaning and in the Soviet Union. [ when? 2007!, including Korans, confiscated adults and children in the country the Jews, now They have all to! Cleaning and in the household industries Security '', pg in 1999 since the century... This eventually led to the invasion of Russia forming 14.6 % of population! Population ) in 2010, ethnic Russians constitute a minority: Russian is the largest. 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